Melatonin as a medication and supplement
Melatonin
Melatonin (pronounced: mel·uh·toh·nuhn) is a hormone that is naturally produced by the pineal gland in the brain. It is primarily known for its role in regulating sleep patterns, also known as circadian rhythms.
Etymology
The term "melatonin" comes from the Greek words melas, meaning "black", and tonos, meaning "stretching". This is in reference to its role in contracting the pigment-bearing cells in the skin that cause darkening.
As a Medication
Melatonin is also available as a medication and dietary supplement. It is commonly used to treat insomnia and other sleep disorders, as well as to alleviate jet lag. It is typically taken orally in pill form, but can also be available in forms that can be placed under the tongue or in the cheek, allowing the melatonin to be absorbed directly into the body.
Related Terms
- Circadian rhythm: The natural, internal process that regulates the sleep-wake cycle and repeats roughly every 24 hours.
- Insomnia: A sleep disorder in which you have trouble falling and/or staying asleep.
- Jet lag: A temporary sleep problem that can affect anyone who quickly travels across multiple time zones.
- Pineal gland: A small endocrine gland in the brain of most vertebrates that produces melatonin.
Side Effects
Like all medications and supplements, melatonin can have side effects. These can include sleepiness, lower body temperature, vivid dreams, morning grogginess, small changes in blood pressure, and in rare cases, nausea or headaches.
Interactions
Melatonin can interact with various medications, including anticoagulants, immunosuppressants, diabetes medications, and birth control pills. It is always recommended to consult with a healthcare provider before starting any new medication or supplement.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Melatonin as a medication and supplement
- Wikipedia's article - Melatonin as a medication and supplement
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