Humors
Humors (Medicine)
Humors (/ˈhjuːmərz/; from the Latin humor, meaning "body fluid") are the four bodily fluids that, according to ancient Greek medicine, directly influence human health and temperament. These fluids are Blood, Yellow bile, Black bile, and Phlegm.
Etymology
The term humor is derived from the Latin word humor, which translates to "body fluid". This concept was prevalent in ancient Greek and Roman medicine, where it was believed that the balance of these fluids in the human body determined health and temperament.
Blood
Blood (/blʌd/), in the context of the four humors, is associated with a sanguine temperament, which is characterized by optimism, high energy levels, and a sociable nature. It is believed to be produced by the liver and is associated with the element of air and the season of spring.
Yellow Bile
Yellow bile (/ˈjaɪloʊ ˈbaɪl/), also known as choler, is associated with a choleric temperament, characterized by ambition, restlessness, and a tendency towards anger. It is believed to be produced by the spleen and is associated with the element of fire and the season of summer.
Black Bile
Black bile (/blæk ˈbaɪl/), also known as melancholy, is associated with a melancholic temperament, characterized by introspection, creativity, and a tendency towards depression. It is believed to be produced by the kidneys and is associated with the element of earth and the season of autumn.
Phlegm
Phlegm (/flɛm/), in the context of the four humors, is associated with a phlegmatic temperament, characterized by calmness, thoughtfulness, and a tendency towards apathy. It is believed to be produced by the lungs and is associated with the element of water and the season of winter.
Related Terms
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Humors
- Wikipedia's article - Humors
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