Human embryonic development
Human embryonic development
Human embryonic development, also known as embryogenesis (pronunciation: /ˌɛmbri.oʊˈdʒɛnɪsɪs/), is the process by which the embryo forms and develops. It begins with the fertilization of the ovum, leading to the formation of a zygote. This zygote then undergoes rapid mitotic divisions, a process known as cleavage.
Etymology
The term "embryogenesis" comes from the Greek words "embryo" (meaning "young one") and "genesis" (meaning "origin").
Stages of Human Embryonic Development
1. Zygote: This is the initial cell formed when two gamete cells are joined by means of sexual reproduction.
2. Cleavage: This is a stage of cellular division, where the zygote splits into multiple cells.
3. Morula: After several rounds of cell division, the zygote forms a solid ball of cells.
4. Blastocyst: The morula develops into a blastocyst and it consists of an inner cell mass which will become the embryo.
5. Gastrulation: This is the phase during which the inner cell mass differentiates into three germ layers: the ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm.
6. Neurulation: This is the process where the neural tube forms, which will later develop into the central nervous system.
7. Organogenesis: This is the stage where organs and organ systems begin to form.
Related Terms
- Embryo: An early stage of development of a multicellular organism.
- Fetus': A stage in mammalian embryonic development after the embryonic stage and before birth.
- Gestation: The carrying of an embryo or fetus inside a female viviparous animal.
- Prenatal development: Also known as antenatal development, is the process in which an embryo or fetus gestates during pregnancy, from fertilization until birth.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Human embryonic development
- Wikipedia's article - Human embryonic development
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