Hemolytic jaundice
Hemolytic Jaundice
Hemolytic jaundice (pronunciation: hee-mo-ly-tic jawn-dis) is a type of jaundice that occurs when the liver is unable to process the increased levels of bilirubin in the blood, resulting from an accelerated breakdown of red blood cells (RBCs).
Etymology
The term 'hemolytic' is derived from the Greek words 'haima' meaning 'blood' and 'lysis' meaning 'loosening' or 'dissolving'. 'Jaundice' comes from the French word 'jaune', meaning 'yellow', referring to the yellowing of the skin and eyes that is a characteristic symptom of the condition.
Causes
Hemolytic jaundice is primarily caused by conditions that lead to an increased breakdown of RBCs, such as hemolytic anemia, sickle cell anemia, and thalassemia. Other causes can include certain infections, autoimmune disorders, and certain medications.
Symptoms
The primary symptom of hemolytic jaundice is a yellowing of the skin and the whites of the eyes. Other symptoms can include fatigue, weakness, and dark urine.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of hemolytic jaundice typically involves blood tests to measure levels of bilirubin and to assess the rate of RBC breakdown. Other tests may include a complete blood count (CBC), liver function tests, and a coombs test.
Treatment
Treatment for hemolytic jaundice focuses on addressing the underlying cause of the increased RBC breakdown. This may involve treating the underlying disease or condition, discontinuing a problematic medication, or in severe cases, a blood transfusion may be necessary.
Related Terms
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Hemolytic jaundice
- Wikipedia's article - Hemolytic jaundice
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