Haemolytic anaemia
Haemolytic Anaemia
Haemolytic anaemia (pronounced: hee-muh-lit-ik uh-nee-mee-uh) is a condition characterized by the premature destruction of Red blood cells in the body, leading to a shortage of these cells. This condition can be either inherited or acquired.
Etymology
The term "Haemolytic anaemia" is derived from the Greek words "haima" meaning blood, "lysis" meaning loosening or dissolution, and "anaimia" meaning lack of blood.
Types of Haemolytic Anaemia
Haemolytic anaemia can be classified into two main types:
- Intrinsic Haemolytic Anaemia: This type is usually inherited and is caused by a defect within the red blood cells themselves. Examples include Sickle cell anaemia and Thalassemia.
- Extrinsic Haemolytic Anaemia: This type is usually acquired and is caused by factors outside of the red blood cells. Examples include Autoimmune haemolytic anaemia and Drug-induced haemolytic anaemia.
Symptoms
Common symptoms of haemolytic anaemia include fatigue, weakness, shortness of breath, and a rapid heart rate. More severe cases may present with Jaundice, dark urine, and an enlarged spleen or liver.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of haemolytic anaemia typically involves blood tests, including a complete blood count (CBC), reticulocyte count, and a direct antiglobulin test (DAT). In some cases, a bone marrow biopsy may be necessary.
Treatment
Treatment for haemolytic anaemia depends on the underlying cause. It may involve medications to suppress the immune system, blood transfusions, or in severe cases, a Splenectomy.
See Also
- Anaemia
- Red blood cell
- Sickle cell anaemia
- Thalassemia
- Autoimmune haemolytic anaemia
- Drug-induced haemolytic anaemia
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Haemolytic anaemia
- Wikipedia's article - Haemolytic anaemia
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