Genetic variance
Genetic Variance
Genetic variance (pronunciation: /dʒɪˈnɛtɪk ˈvɛərɪəns/) refers to the diversity in the genetic makeup of individuals within a population. It is a fundamental concept in Genetics and Evolutionary biology, and is crucial for the survival and adaptation of species.
Etymology
The term "genetic variance" is derived from the words "genetic", which comes from the Greek word "genetikos" meaning "genitive" and "variance", which originates from the Latin word "variantia" meaning "difference".
Definition
Genetic variance is the measure of the genetic difference within a population. It is the sum of all genetic factors that contribute to the variation of a particular trait in a population. This variance is the basis for Natural selection and Evolution.
Types of Genetic Variance
There are three main types of genetic variance:
- Additive genetic variance (VA): This is the variance due to the additive effect of different alleles. It is the main driver of response to Natural selection.
- Dominance genetic variance (VD): This is the variance due to the interaction between alleles at the same locus.
- Epistatic genetic variance (VI): This is the variance due to the interaction between alleles at different loci.
Importance of Genetic Variance
Genetic variance is important for the survival and adaptation of species. It provides the raw material for Natural selection to act upon. Without genetic variance, a population cannot evolve in response to changing environmental conditions.
Related Terms
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Genetic variance
- Wikipedia's article - Genetic variance
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