Cytochrome b
Cytochrome b
Cytochrome b (/ˈsaɪtoʊkroʊm biː/) is a protein that is a component of the electron transport chain. It is the main subunit of Complex III, also known as the cytochrome bc1 complex or ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase.
Etymology
The term "cytochrome" comes from the Greek words "kytos" meaning "cell" and "chroma" meaning "color". This is due to the characteristic color changes observed in the cytochromes when they are reduced or oxidized. The "b" in cytochrome b refers to the type of heme group it contains.
Function
Cytochrome b plays a crucial role in cellular respiration, specifically in the process of oxidative phosphorylation. It helps to transfer electrons from Ubiquinol to Cytochrome c, contributing to the generation of a proton gradient across the mitochondrial membrane. This gradient is then used to produce adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the main energy currency of the cell.
Related Terms
- Cytochrome
- Electron transport chain
- Complex III
- Ubiquinol
- Cytochrome c
- Proton gradient
- Mitochondrial membrane
- Adenosine triphosphate
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Cytochrome b
- Wikipedia's article - Cytochrome b
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