Crossmatching
Crossmatching
Crossmatching (pronounced: /ˈkrɒsˌmætʃɪŋ/) is a crucial procedure in Transfusion medicine and Organ transplantation. The term is derived from the English words "cross" and "match", indicating the process of checking compatibility between donor and recipient.
Definition
Crossmatching is a laboratory test performed prior to a Blood transfusion or organ transplant to determine if the donor's blood or organ is compatible with the recipient's. The process involves mixing the recipient's serum with the donor's red blood cells and observing for agglutination or hemolysis, which would indicate incompatibility.
Procedure
The crossmatching procedure involves two main steps: the immediate spin crossmatch and the full crossmatch. The immediate spin crossmatch is a quick test that checks for major incompatibilities. The full crossmatch is more thorough and checks for minor incompatibilities.
Importance
Crossmatching is vital in preventing Transfusion reactions and organ rejection. It ensures that the recipient's immune system will not attack the transfused blood or transplanted organ.
Related Terms
- Agglutination: The clumping together of cells or particles, often in response to a specific antigen.
- Hemolysis: The rupture or destruction of red blood cells.
- Serum: The clear, yellowish part of blood that remains after clotting.
- Antigen: A substance that induces an immune response in the body.
- Antibody: A protein produced by the body's immune system when it detects harmful substances.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Crossmatching
- Wikipedia's article - Crossmatching
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