Complement receptor
Complement Receptor
Complement receptor (pronunciation: /ˈkɒmplɪmɛnt ˈriːsɛptər/) is a type of protein found on the surface of certain immune cells, including phagocytes and lymphocytes. These receptors bind to complement proteins in the immune system, playing a crucial role in the body's immune response.
Etymology
The term "complement receptor" is derived from the word "complement," which in this context refers to the complement system, a part of the immune system that enhances the ability of antibodies and phagocytic cells to clear microbes and damaged cells from an organism. The word "receptor" comes from the Latin word "recipere," which means "to receive." Thus, a complement receptor is a structure that receives or binds to complement proteins.
Function
Complement receptors are involved in a variety of immune responses. They can bind to complement proteins that have attached to pathogens, marking them for destruction. This process is known as opsonization. Complement receptors also play a role in the regulation of inflammatory responses and the activation of immune cells.
Types
There are several types of complement receptors, including:
- Complement receptor 1 (CR1), also known as CD35
- Complement receptor 2 (CR2), also known as CD21
- Complement receptor 3 (CR3), also known as CD11b/CD18 or Mac-1
- Complement receptor 4 (CR4), also known as CD11c/CD18
Each of these receptors binds to different types of complement proteins and plays a unique role in the immune response.
Related Terms
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Complement receptor
- Wikipedia's article - Complement receptor
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