Cellulase
Cellulase
Cellulase (pronunciation: /ˈsɛljʊleɪz/) is an enzyme complex which breaks down cellulose to beta-glucose. It is primarily produced by certain bacteria, fungi, and protozoans that catalyze cellulolysis (the decomposition of cellulose).
Etymology
The term "cellulase" is derived from the French word "cellule" and the suffix "-ase" which is used to denote enzymes. "Cellule" means a small cellular compartment or a small room, referring to the cell structure of plants where cellulose is found.
Function
Cellulase is key in the hydrolysis of cellulose, a polysaccharide found in plant cell walls. This enzyme complex breaks down cellulose into beta-glucose, a simple sugar that organisms can use for energy.
Production
Cellulase is produced by certain bacteria, fungi, and protozoans. These organisms secrete the enzyme to break down cellulose in their environment into simple sugars, which they can then absorb and use for energy.
Industrial Use
Cellulase has significant industrial applications. It is used in the textile industry for the biostoning of fabrics and in the food industry for the production of fruit and vegetable juices. It is also used in the production of biofuels from cellulosic biomass.
Related Terms
- Cellulolysis: The process of breaking down cellulose into simpler compounds by the action of enzymes.
- Beta-glucose: A simple sugar derived from the hydrolysis of cellulose.
- Enzyme: A substance produced by a living organism which acts as a catalyst to bring about a specific biochemical reaction.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Cellulase
- Wikipedia's article - Cellulase
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