Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (pronunciation: kahr-BAH-nik an-HY-drase in-HIB-i-tors) are a class of medications that suppress the activity of carbonic anhydrase. Carbonic anhydrase is an enzyme that plays a crucial role in the regulation of pH levels in the body.
Etymology
The term "carbonic anhydrase inhibitors" is derived from the name of the enzyme they inhibit, carbonic anhydrase. The word "inhibitor" comes from the Latin word 'inhibere', meaning 'to hold back', referring to the action of these medications in suppressing the activity of the enzyme.
Mechanism of Action
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors work by reducing the activity of carbonic anhydrase, which in turn slows down the conversion of carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O) into bicarbonate (HCO3-) and hydrogen ions (H+). This leads to a decrease in the production of aqueous humor, a fluid in the eye, and a reduction in the transport of bicarbonate ions, which can affect the pH balance in various parts of the body.
Uses
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors are primarily used in the treatment of glaucoma, a condition characterized by increased pressure in the eye. They can also be used to manage epilepsy, altitude sickness, and certain types of edema.
Side Effects
Common side effects of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors include fatigue, dizziness, and a tingling sensation in the hands and feet. In some cases, they may also cause kidney stones and metabolic acidosis.
Related Terms
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