CD19
CD19
CD19 (pronounced "C-D-one-nine") is a type of protein that is often used as a marker to identify B cells in the human immune system.
Etymology
The term "CD19" is an abbreviation for "Cluster of Differentiation 19". The "CD" nomenclature was established at a series of international conferences, with the aim of classifying monoclonal antibodies against cell surface molecules of leukocytes.
Function
CD19 is a cell surface molecule that plays a crucial role in establishing intrinsic B cell signaling thresholds through modulating both B cell receptor (BCR)-dependent and independent signaling. It is a part of the B cell co-receptor complex, which includes CD21, CD81, and Leu-13.
Clinical Significance
CD19 is expressed on follicular dendritic cells and B cells. In fact, it is present on B cells from earliest recognizable B-lineage cells during development to B-cell blasts but is lost on maturation to plasma cells. Its expression on B cells makes it a target for B cell receptor (BCR) signal transduction studies.
CD19 is also a target for immunotherapy treatments for some types of leukemia, including acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). CD19-targeted therapies, such as CAR T-cell therapy, have shown promising results in clinical trials.
Related Terms
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on CD19
- Wikipedia's article - CD19
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