CAR T-cell therapy
CAR T-cell therapy
CAR T-cell therapy (pronounced: kahr tee-sel ther-uh-pee), also known as chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy, is a type of immunotherapy that modifies a patient's own T cells to fight cancer.
Etymology
The term "CAR T-cell therapy" is derived from the process of modifying the T cells. The T cells are engineered to produce special receptors on their surface called chimeric antigen receptors (CARs). These receptors allow the T cells to recognize and attach to specific proteins on cancer cells, hence the name "CAR T-cell therapy".
Process
In CAR T-cell therapy, T cells are taken from a patient's blood. Then, in a lab, the gene for a special receptor that binds to a certain protein on the patient's cancer cells is added to the T cells. This process is known as gene therapy. Once the T cells are modified, they are infused back into the patient where they can seek out and destroy cancer cells.
Types of CAR T-cell therapy
There are two types of CAR T-cell therapies approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA): Kymriah (tisagenlecleucel) and Yescarta (axicabtagene ciloleucel). Both are used to treat certain types of non-Hodgkin lymphoma and acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
Related terms
- Immunotherapy
- T cells
- Gene therapy
- Food and Drug Administration
- Non-Hodgkin lymphoma
- Acute lymphoblastic leukemia
See also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on CAR T-cell therapy
- Wikipedia's article - CAR T-cell therapy
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