Bacillus polymyxa
Bacillus polymyxa
Bacillus polymyxa (pronunciation: /bəˈsɪləs pɒlɪˈmɪksə/) is a species of Gram-positive bacteria in the Bacillus genus. It is known for its ability to produce polymyxin, a type of antibiotic that is effective against Gram-negative bacteria.
Etymology
The name Bacillus polymyxa is derived from the Greek words poly meaning "many" and myxa meaning "mucus". This refers to the bacterium's ability to produce a large amount of mucus.
Characteristics
Bacillus polymyxa is a rod-shaped bacterium that is capable of forming endospores. It is aerobic, meaning it requires oxygen to grow, and is motile, meaning it can move on its own. It is also capable of nitrogen fixation, a process that converts atmospheric nitrogen into a form that can be used by plants.
Medical relevance
The primary medical relevance of Bacillus polymyxa is its ability to produce polymyxin, an antibiotic that is effective against many types of Gram-negative bacteria. Polymyxin is often used in the treatment of infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and other Gram-negative bacteria.
Related terms
- Bacillus: A genus of Gram-positive, rod-shaped bacteria that includes Bacillus polymyxa.
- Polymyxin: An antibiotic produced by Bacillus polymyxa that is effective against Gram-negative bacteria.
- Gram-negative bacteria: A group of bacteria against which polymyxin is often effective.
- Endospore: A dormant, tough, and non-reproductive structure produced by certain bacteria, including Bacillus polymyxa.
- Nitrogen fixation: A process carried out by Bacillus polymyxa that converts atmospheric nitrogen into a form that can be used by plants.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Bacillus polymyxa
- Wikipedia's article - Bacillus polymyxa
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