Babinski reflex
Babinski reflex (pronunciation: /bəˈbɪnskiː/; etymology: Named after Joseph Babinski, a French neurologist) is a physical examination response elicited when the sole of the foot is stimulated with a blunt instrument. The reflex is normal in infants, but in adults, it may indicate damage to the Central Nervous System (CNS).
Definition
The Babinski reflex is a type of plantar reflex that occurs when the lateral aspect of the sole is stroked. If the big toe extends upward and the other toes fan out, the response is positive. This is normal in infants up to 2 years old but could be a sign of a neurological disorder in adults.
Etymology
The reflex is named after Joseph Babinski, a French neurologist who first described the phenomenon in 1896. Babinski's work was primarily focused on the neurological examination, and he made several significant contributions to the field.
Clinical Significance
A positive Babinski reflex in an adult can indicate damage to the spinal cord or brain, specifically the corticospinal tract. It can be seen in conditions such as stroke, multiple sclerosis, and spinal cord injury.
Related Terms
- Plantar reflex: A reflex elicited when the sole of the foot is stimulated with a blunt instrument.
- Neurological examination: A series of tests performed to assess nerve function.
- Corticospinal tract: A collection of axons that travel between the cerebral cortex of the brain and the spinal cord.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Babinski reflex
- Wikipedia's article - Babinski reflex
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