Autism Spectrum Disorder
Autism Spectrum Disorder (pronunciation: /ˈɔːtɪzəm ˈspektrəm dɪsˈɔːrdər/) is a Neurodevelopmental disorder that includes a wide range, or "spectrum," of symptoms, skills, and levels of disability.
Etymology
The term "Autism" comes from the Greek word "autos," which means "self." It describes conditions in which a person is removed from social interaction—hence, an isolated self. "Spectrum" refers to the range of symptoms and their severity. "Disorder" is used to define the condition as a mental or physical illness that disrupts normal functioning.
Symptoms
People with Autism Spectrum Disorder often have ongoing social problems that include difficulty communicating and interacting with others. Repetitive behaviors as well as limited interests or activities are also characteristic of Autism Spectrum Disorder. Symptoms are typically recognized in the first two years of life.
Related Terms
- Asperger syndrome
- Pervasive Developmental Disorder Not Otherwise Specified (PDD-NOS)
- Childhood Disintegrative Disorder
- Rett Syndrome
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder is based on behavior, not cause or mechanism. It is defined by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) as a condition present from early childhood that affects communication and interaction and includes restricted and repetitive behavior.
Treatment
Treatment for Autism Spectrum Disorder is often a combination of Behavioral therapy, Speech therapy, Physical therapy, and Medication. The specific treatments used are based on the needs of the individual patient.
See Also
- Neurodevelopmental disorder
- Asperger syndrome
- Pervasive Developmental Disorder Not Otherwise Specified (PDD-NOS)
- Childhood Disintegrative Disorder
- Rett Syndrome
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