Alphenal
Alphenal
Alphenal (pronounced al-FEN-al) is a sedative and hypnotic drug from the class of barbiturates. It was primarily used in the mid-20th century as a treatment for insomnia and anxiety but has since been replaced by safer and more effective medications.
Etymology
The term "Alphenal" is derived from the chemical name alpha-phenyl-ethyl-malonic acid, which describes its chemical structure.
Pharmacology
Alphenal, like other barbiturates, works by increasing the activity of the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) neurotransmitter in the brain. GABA is an inhibitory neurotransmitter, meaning it reduces brain activity. This results in a calming effect, which can help to induce sleep and reduce anxiety.
Related Terms
- Barbiturate: A class of drugs that act as central nervous system depressants. They are often used for their sedative, hypnotic, and anesthetic effects.
- Sedative: A substance that induces sedation by reducing irritability or excitement.
- Hypnotic: A type of drug that induces sleep.
- Insomnia: A sleep disorder that is characterized by difficulty falling and/or staying asleep.
- Anxiety: A mental health disorder characterized by feelings of worry, anxiety, or fear that are strong enough to interfere with one's daily activities.
- Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA): A naturally occurring amino acid that works as a neurotransmitter in your brain.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Alphenal
- Wikipedia's article - Alphenal
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