5-Hydroxytryptophan
5-Hydroxytryptophan
5-Hydroxytryptophan (pronounced as five-hy-drox-ee-trip-toe-fan), often abbreviated as 5-HTP, is a naturally occurring amino acid and chemical precursor in the biosynthesis of the neurotransmitters serotonin and melatonin.
Etymology
The term 5-Hydroxytryptophan is derived from its chemical structure, which consists of a tryptophan molecule that has been hydroxylated at the 5th position.
Function
5-HTP is produced in the body from the amino acid tryptophan following a meal rich in protein. It is then converted into the neurotransmitter serotonin, which plays a vital role in regulating mood, appetite, and sleep. The conversion of 5-HTP into serotonin is catalyzed by the enzyme aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase.
Clinical Significance
5-HTP is often used in the treatment of various conditions such as depression, anxiety, fibromyalgia, and insomnia. It is also used to help with weight loss due to its ability to increase feelings of fullness.
Related Terms
- Tryptophan: An essential amino acid that is a precursor to 5-HTP.
- Serotonin: A neurotransmitter that is synthesized from 5-HTP.
- Melatonin: A hormone that regulates sleep-wake cycles, synthesized from serotonin.
- Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase: An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of 5-HTP into serotonin.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on 5-Hydroxytryptophan
- Wikipedia's article - 5-Hydroxytryptophan
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