Latrodectism
Latrodectism
Latrodectism (/lætrəˈdɛktɪzəm/), derived from the genus name Latrodectus (from the Greek words latro meaning "hidden" and dectes meaning "biter"), is a condition resulting from the bite of a widow spider, the most famous of which is the black widow spider.
Symptoms and Signs
The symptoms of latrodectism can vary, but often include severe muscle pain, abdominal cramps, hyperhidrosis, tachycardia, and hypertension. In severe cases, symptoms may include nausea, vomiting, fainting, dizziness, chest pain, and respiratory difficulties. The severity of symptoms depends on the amount of venom injected and the individual's sensitivity to it.
Causes
Latrodectism is caused by the bite of a spider from the Latrodectus genus, which includes the black widow, the brown widow, and the redback spider. These spiders are not aggressive and bites are usually defensive.
Treatment
Treatment for latrodectism primarily involves symptom management. Pain relief is often necessary and can be achieved with narcotics if over-the-counter pain relievers are not sufficient. Muscle relaxants can also be used to control muscle spasms. In severe cases, antivenom may be administered.
Prognosis
With proper treatment, the prognosis for latrodectism is generally good. Most people recover fully within a week, although severe pain may continue for longer. Fatalities are rare, but can occur in the very young, the very old, or those with underlying health conditions.
See Also
References
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Latrodectism
- Wikipedia's article - Latrodectism
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