Vitelline duct

From Food & Medicine Encyclopedia

Vitelline Duct

The Vitelline Duct, also known as the omphalomesenteric duct, is a structure present during the embryonic development of both humans and other animals. The duct connects the yolk sac to the midgut lumen, allowing nutrient uptake.

Etymology[edit]

The term "vitelline" is derived from the Latin word "vitellus" which means yolk. The term "omphalomesenteric" is derived from "omphalo-" meaning navel, and "mesenteric" referring to the mesentery, the part of the peritoneum that attaches the intestines to the posterior wall of the abdomen.

Development[edit]

During the third week of embryonic development, the yolk sac forms the vitelline duct. This duct connects the midgut to the yolk sac, providing a pathway for nutrient uptake. By the seventh week, the duct typically obliterates and disappears, leaving only a fibrous remnant known as the vitelline ligament.

Clinical Significance[edit]

In some cases, the vitelline duct fails to close during development, leading to a variety of potential anomalies such as Meckel's diverticulum, a vitelline cyst, or a vitelline fistula. These conditions can lead to complications such as gastrointestinal bleeding or intestinal obstruction.

Related Terms[edit]

See Also[edit]

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