Viral pathogenesis
Viral Pathogenesis
Viral pathogenesis (/ˈvaɪrəl pəˈθɑːdʒənɪsɪs/) refers to the process by which a virus causes disease in its host. The term is derived from the Greek words 'pathos' meaning 'suffering' and 'genesis' meaning 'origin or source'.
Overview
Viral pathogenesis involves several stages, including viral entry, replication, spread, and cell damage. The severity and nature of the disease caused by a virus depend on the ability of the virus to infect host cells and the immune response of the host.
Stages of Viral Pathogenesis
Viral Entry
The first stage of viral pathogenesis is viral entry, where the virus attaches to a specific receptor on the host cell and enters the cell.
Replication
Once inside the host cell, the virus uses the host's cellular machinery to replicate its genetic material and produce new virus particles.
Spread
The new virus particles then spread to other cells in the host organism, either through direct cell-to-cell contact or through the bloodstream.
Cell Damage
The final stage of viral pathogenesis is cell damage. This can occur as a result of the virus killing the host cell, or through the immune response of the host.
Related Terms
- Virology: The study of viruses and viral diseases.
- Pathogen: An organism that causes disease.
- Host (biology): An organism that harbors a parasitic, a mutualistic, or a commensalist guest (symbiont).
- Immune response: The reaction of the immune system to foreign substances.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Viral pathogenesis
- Wikipedia's article - Viral pathogenesis
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