Vesicoureteral reflux

Vesicoureteral reflux (pronounced: ves-ih-ko-yoo-REE-ter-ul ree-fluks) is a medical condition where urine flows backward from the bladder into the ureters, potentially reaching the kidneys.

Etymology

The term "Vesicoureteral reflux" is derived from the Latin words "vesica" meaning bladder, "ureter" which is the tube that carries urine from the kidneys to the bladder, and "reflux" meaning a backward or return flow.

Definition

Vesicoureteral reflux is a urological disorder that is often diagnosed in infancy or early childhood. It occurs when the flow of urine goes back up into the ureters from the bladder, instead of the normal one-way flow. This can potentially cause damage to the kidneys, as the urine can carry bacteria from the bladder to the kidneys, leading to kidney infections and other complications.

Symptoms

Symptoms of vesicoureteral reflux can include urinary tract infection, fever, pain in the side (flank) or lower back, and in severe cases, kidney damage. However, many children with vesicoureteral reflux do not have any symptoms.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of vesicoureteral reflux is often made through a voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG), a test that involves taking X-ray images of the bladder when full and while urinating. Another diagnostic test is a renal ultrasound, which uses sound waves to create images of the kidneys and bladder.

Treatment

Treatment for vesicoureteral reflux depends on the severity of the condition. It can range from monitoring with regular urinalysis and antibiotics to prevent infections, to surgery for severe cases. The goal of treatment is to prevent kidney damage.

Related Terms

• Urology
• Kidney infection
• Urinary tract infection
• Voiding cystourethrogram
• Renal ultrasound

External links

• Medical encyclopedia article on Vesicoureteral reflux
• Wikipedia's article - Vesicoureteral reflux

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