Vertebrate
Vertebrate
Vertebrate (/ˈvɜːrtɪbrət/), from the Latin vertebratus (having joints), is a term used to describe any animal of the subphylum Chordata that possesses a backbone or spinal column.
Etymology
The term "vertebrate" derives from the Latin word vertebratus (A.R. 1601), which translates to "joint of the spine". It is a compound of vertere meaning "to turn" and -atus meaning "provided with".
Definition
Vertebrates are characterized by their backbone, or spinal column, which is made up of individual bones called vertebrae. They are part of the larger group of animals known as Chordata, which also includes invertebrates that have a notochord (a kind of primitive backbone) at some stage in their life.
Classification
Vertebrates can be further classified into five major groups: Fish, Amphibians, Reptiles, Birds, and Mammals. Each group has distinct characteristics and evolutionary history.
Characteristics
All vertebrates share certain physical characteristics. These include a well-defined head, a backbone and spinal column, and a complex nervous system that includes a brain. Most also have a protective skeleton and advanced sensory systems.
Related Terms
- Chordata - The phylum that includes vertebrates.
- Invertebrate - Animals without a backbone.
- Vertebrae - The individual bones that make up the spinal column.
- Notochord - A flexible rod that supports the body in all embryonic and some adult chordate animals.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Vertebrate
- Wikipedia's article - Vertebrate
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