Turku

City in Finland

Turku (Template:IPA-fi; Swedish: Åbo) is a city on the southwest coast of Finland at the mouth of the Aura River. It is the oldest city in Finland and was the most important city in the country for hundreds of years. Turku is known for its rich history, vibrant cultural scene, and as a major economic hub.

History

Vexillum aboense

Turku was founded in the late 13th century, making it the oldest city in Finland. It was the capital of Finland until 1812, when the capital was moved to Helsinki. The city has played a significant role in Finnish history, serving as a major center for trade and culture.

The Great Fire of Turku in 1827 was a major event in the city's history, destroying much of the city and leading to significant rebuilding efforts. The fire prompted the relocation of the Royal Academy of Turku to Helsinki, where it became the University of Helsinki.

Geography

Turku is located at the mouth of the Aura River, which flows into the Archipelago Sea. The city is characterized by its beautiful natural surroundings, including numerous islands and waterways. The climate is classified as humid continental, with cold winters and mild summers.

Economy

Turku is a major economic center in Finland, with a diverse economy that includes industries such as biotechnology, information technology, and maritime industries. The Port of Turku is one of the busiest in Finland, facilitating trade and transportation.

Culture

Turku Cathedral

Turku is known for its vibrant cultural scene, with numerous museums, theaters, and festivals. The Turku Music Festival is one of the oldest music festivals in Finland, and the city was designated as a European Capital of Culture in 2011.

The Turku Castle and Turku Cathedral are two of the most significant historical landmarks in the city. The castle dates back to the 13th century and has served various roles throughout history, including as a defensive fortress and a royal residence.

Education

Turku is home to several higher education institutions, including the University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University. These institutions contribute to the city's reputation as a center for education and research.

Transportation

Turku is well-connected by road, rail, and sea. The city has a comprehensive public transportation system, including buses and ferries. The Turku Airport provides domestic and international flights.

Events

Tall Ship Races Turku 2009

Turku hosts a variety of events throughout the year, including the Tall Ships' Races, which attract visitors from around the world. The Christmas Peace declaration is a traditional event held annually in the Old Great Square.

Related pages

• Turku Castle
• Turku Cathedral
• University of Turku
• Åbo Akademi University

Gallery

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  View from Turku Cathedral tower
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  Turku Castle
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  Julfred utlyses Gamla Stortorget 2009
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  Cathedral of Turku 1814