Trochlear nerve

From WikiMD.org
Jump to navigation Jump to search

Trochlear Nerve

The Trochlear Nerve (== Template:IPA ==

The Template:IPA (International Phonetic Alphabet) is a system of phonetic notation based primarily on the Latin alphabet. It was devised by the International Phonetic Association in the late 19th century as a standardized representation of the sounds of spoken language.

Pronunciation

The pronunciation of the term "IPA" is /aɪ piː eɪ/ in English.

Etymology

The term "IPA" is an acronym for the International Phonetic Alphabet. The International Phonetic Association, founded in 1886, created the IPA to provide a single, universal system for the transcription of spoken language.

Related Terms

  • Phonetic notation: A system used to visually represent the sounds of speech. The IPA is one type of phonetic notation.
  • Phonetics: The study of the physical sounds of human speech. It is concerned with the physical properties of speech sounds (phonemes), and the processes of their physiological production, auditory reception, and neurophysiological perception.
  • Phonology: The study of the way sounds function within a particular language or languages. While phonetics concerns the physical production, acoustic transmission and perception of the sounds of speech, phonology describes the way sounds function within a particular language or languages.
  • Transcription (linguistics): The systematic representation of spoken language in written form. The source of the words transcribe and transcription, the term means "to write across" in Latin, and it's the process of converting spoken language into written form. In linguistics, this is often done using the IPA.

External links

Esculaap.svg

This WikiMD article is a stub. You can help make it a full article.


Languages: - East Asian 中文, 日本, 한국어, South Asian हिन्दी, Urdu, বাংলা, తెలుగు, தமிழ், ಕನ್ನಡ,
Southeast Asian Indonesian, Vietnamese, Thai, မြန်မာဘာသာ, European español, Deutsch, français, русский, português do Brasil, Italian, polski), also known as the fourth cranial nerve or CN IV, is a motor nerve (a nerve that carries messages away from the brain and towards the muscles) that innervates a single muscle in the eye, the superior oblique muscle.

Etymology

The term "trochlear" derives from the Latin word "trochlea," meaning "pulley," referring to the anatomical function of the nerve. The trochlear nerve is so named because it controls the superior oblique muscle that loops through a pulley-like structure in the orbit.

Anatomy

The Trochlear Nerve is the smallest cranial nerve and is unique among the cranial nerves in several respects: It is the only nerve that exits from the dorsal (back) aspect of the brainstem, and it is the only cranial nerve to decussate (cross over) before it exits.

Function

The primary role of the Trochlear Nerve is to carry motor impulses to the superior oblique muscle of the eye, which controls the downward movement and inward rotation of the eyeball.

Clinical Significance

Damage to the Trochlear Nerve can result in a condition known as trochlear nerve palsy, which is characterized by the eye drifting upward and slightly outward, and can cause double vision and difficulty in reading.

Related Terms

External links

Esculaap.svg

This WikiMD article is a stub. You can help make it a full article.