Treponema

Treponema

Treponema (pronounced: treh-poh-nee-muh) is a genus of spirochete bacteria, including several pathogenic species.

Etymology

The term "Treponema" is derived from the Greek words "trepo" meaning to turn and "nema" meaning thread, referring to the characteristic spiral shape of these bacteria.

Species

There are several species of Treponema, including:

• Treponema pallidum, the causative agent of syphilis
• Treponema denticola, associated with periodontal disease
• Treponema pertenue, the causative agent of yaws

Pathogenesis

Treponema bacteria are typically transmitted through close physical contact, often sexual contact in the case of T. pallidum. They are able to penetrate intact mucous membranes or damaged skin, and once inside the body, they can spread through the bloodstream to various organs.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of diseases caused by Treponema typically involves serological testing, as these bacteria are difficult to culture in the laboratory. Darkfield microscopy can also be used to visualize the bacteria in fluid samples.

Treatment

Treatment for diseases caused by Treponema usually involves antibiotics, such as penicillin. In the case of syphilis, early treatment is crucial to prevent long-term complications.

Related Terms

• Spirochete
• Syphilis
• Yaws
• Periodontal disease
• Serological testing
• Darkfield microscopy
• Antibiotics
• Penicillin

External links

• Medical encyclopedia article on Treponema
• Wikipedia's article - Treponema

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