Transurethral microwave thermotherapy

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Transurethral microwave thermotherapy (TUMT) is a minimally invasive procedure used to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), a condition characterized by the enlargement of the prostate gland. This procedure utilizes microwave energy to heat and destroy excess prostate tissue, thereby relieving urinary symptoms associated with BPH.

Procedure

During TUMT, a specially designed catheter is inserted through the urethra and into the prostate. The catheter is equipped with a microwave antenna that emits controlled microwave energy. This energy heats the targeted prostate tissue to a temperature that causes cell death, reducing the size of the prostate and alleviating the obstruction of the urethra.

The procedure is typically performed on an outpatient basis and does not require general anesthesia. Local anesthesia and sedation are commonly used to minimize discomfort. The entire process usually takes about one hour.

Indications

TUMT is indicated for patients with moderate to severe symptoms of BPH who have not responded to medication or who prefer a less invasive option compared to surgery. It is particularly suitable for patients who are not good candidates for more invasive procedures due to other health conditions.

Benefits

The benefits of TUMT include:

• Minimally invasive nature
• Reduced risk of complications compared to traditional surgery
• Short recovery time
• Performed on an outpatient basis

Risks and Complications

As with any medical procedure, TUMT carries potential risks and complications, including:

• Urinary tract infection
• Temporary urinary retention
• Hematuria (blood in the urine)
• Erectile dysfunction (rare)
• Urethral stricture

Recovery

Post-procedure, patients may experience mild discomfort, frequent urination, and a burning sensation during urination. These symptoms typically resolve within a few weeks. Patients are usually advised to avoid strenuous activities and heavy lifting for a short period following the procedure.

Alternatives

Alternative treatments for BPH include:

• Medication (e.g., alpha-blockers, 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors)
• Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP)
• Laser therapy
• Prostatic urethral lift (PUL)

See also

• Benign prostatic hyperplasia
• Prostate gland
• Minimally invasive procedure
• Microwave
• Catheter