Torpor
Torpor
Torpor (/ˈtɔːrpər/), from the Latin torpere meaning "to be sluggish or numb", is a state of decreased physiological activity in an animal, usually characterized by a reduced body temperature and metabolic rate. Torpor enables animals to survive periods of reduced food availability.
Etymology
The term "torpor" is derived from the Latin word torpere, which means "to be sluggish or numb". This accurately describes the state of decreased physiological activity that characterizes torpor.
Physiology
During torpor, an animal's metabolic rate and body temperature significantly decrease. This allows the animal to conserve energy during periods of reduced food availability or extreme environmental conditions. Torpor can last for a few hours to several months, depending on the species and environmental conditions.
Types of Torpor
There are two main types of torpor: hibernation and daily torpor. Hibernation is a long-term form of torpor that allows animals to survive the winter months when food is scarce. Daily torpor, on the other hand, is a short-term form of torpor that can occur any time of the year and typically lasts less than 24 hours.
Animals that Exhibit Torpor
Many different types of animals exhibit torpor, including bats, birds, rodents, and marsupials. The specific physiological changes that occur during torpor can vary widely among different species.
Related Terms
- Hibernation: A long-term form of torpor that typically occurs during the winter months.
- Estivation: A state of dormancy similar to torpor that occurs in response to hot and dry conditions.
- Metabolic rate: The rate at which an organism converts food into energy and body tissues.
- Body temperature: The temperature at which an organism's body operates, which can significantly decrease during torpor.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Torpor
- Wikipedia's article - Torpor
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