Tine test

A diagnostic test for tuberculosis

Tine test

A Tine test being administered

The Tine test is a diagnostic tool used to detect tuberculosis (TB) infection. It is a type of tuberculin skin test that involves the use of a small, multi-pronged device to introduce tuberculin into the skin. The test is named after the "tines" or prongs that are used to puncture the skin.

Procedure

The Tine test is performed by pressing the prongs of the device, which are coated with tuberculin, into the skin, usually on the forearm. The test is considered positive if a certain level of induration (swelling) occurs at the site of application within 48 to 72 hours. The size of the induration is measured to determine the result.

Interpretation

A positive Tine test indicates that the person has been exposed to the Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria and may have a latent or active TB infection. However, the Tine test is less precise than the Mantoux test, which uses a single intradermal injection of tuberculin and is more commonly used in clinical practice.

Limitations

The Tine test is not as widely used today due to its lower sensitivity and specificity compared to the Mantoux test. It can produce false-positive results in individuals who have been vaccinated with the BCG vaccine or have been exposed to non-tuberculous mycobacteria. False-negative results can occur in individuals with weakened immune systems.

History

The Tine test was developed as a simpler alternative to the Mantoux test, requiring less training to administer. It was once popular for mass screening programs, especially in schools, due to its ease of use.

Related pages

• Tuberculosis
• Mantoux test
• BCG vaccine
• Tuberculin skin test