Tibial

Tibial refers to anything related to the tibia, one of the two bones in the lower leg of a human, located medial and larger than the fibula. It is the second largest bone in the human body next to the femur. The tibia is a key bone in the leg and knee joint, and it also plays a crucial role in forming the ankle joint.

Anatomy

The tibia extends from the knee to the ankle. It is prismoid in form, expanded above, where it enters into the knee-joint, contracted in the lower third, and again enlarged but to a lesser extent below. The tibia has three surfaces: the medial, lateral, and posterior. It also has three borders: the anterior, medial, and interosseous. The tibia articulates with the femur and patella superiorly, the fibula laterally and with the ankle inferiorly.

Function

The tibia plays a key role in muscle attachment and lower limb movements. It provides attachment for the ligaments of the knee joint and several muscles of the lower limb. It also plays a crucial role in weight bearing of the body.

Clinical significance

Injuries or conditions affecting the tibia can have significant impacts on mobility and quality of life. Tibial fractures are common and often the result of high-energy trauma, but can also occur as stress fractures in athletes or insufficiency fractures in the elderly. Osteosarcoma, a form of bone cancer, can also occur in the tibia.

See also

• Tibial plateau
• Tibial tuberosity
• Tibial nerve
• Tibial collateral ligament
• Tibial fractures

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