Cerebrum
Cerebrum
The Cerebrum (pronunciation: /sɪˈriːbrəm/) is the largest part of the brain and is responsible for most of the brain's function. It is divided into two hemispheres, the left hemisphere and the right hemisphere. Each hemisphere is further divided into four main lobes: the frontal lobe, parietal lobe, temporal lobe, and occipital lobe.
Etymology
The term "cerebrum" comes from the Latin word for "brain", which is derived from the Indo-European root *ker-, meaning "top, head". This root also gives us the words "crown" and "cranium".
Function
The cerebrum controls voluntary actions, speech, senses, thought, and memory. Each lobe of the cerebrum has a specific function. The frontal lobe is associated with reasoning, planning, parts of speech, movement, emotions, and problem-solving. The parietal lobe is involved in movement, orientation, recognition, and perception of stimuli. The occipital lobe is the visual processing center of the brain. The temporal lobe is involved in perception and recognition of auditory stimuli, memory, and speech.
Related Terms
- Cerebral cortex: The outer layer of the cerebrum, involved in many complex brain functions.
- Cerebral hemisphere: One of the two halves of the cerebrum.
- Cerebral lobes: The four divisions of each cerebral hemisphere.
- Neuron: The basic working unit of the brain, a specialized cell designed to transmit information to other nerve cells, muscle, or gland cells.
- Synapse: The junction between two neurons or a neuron and a muscle or gland cell, over which nerve signals pass.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Cerebrum
- Wikipedia's article - Cerebrum
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