T cell receptor T cell therapy
T Cell Receptor T Cell Therapy
T Cell Receptor T Cell Therapy (pronunciation: tee-sell ree-sep-tor tee-sell ther-uh-pee) is a form of Immunotherapy that utilizes the body's own immune system to fight diseases, particularly Cancer.
Etymology
The term "T Cell Receptor T Cell Therapy" is derived from the words "T Cell", which are a type of Lymphocyte (a subtype of white blood cell) that play a central role in cell-mediated immunity, and "Receptor", which refers to a protein molecule that receives chemical signals from outside a cell. The word "Therapy" is derived from the Greek word "therapeia" meaning healing.
Definition
T Cell Receptor T Cell Therapy is a type of Adoptive Cell Transfer (ACT) therapy that involves modifying T cells in a laboratory to express specific T cell receptors (TCRs) that can recognize and target cancer cells. These modified T cells are then infused back into the patient to fight the disease.
Process
The process of T Cell Receptor T Cell Therapy involves several steps:
- Extraction of T cells from the patient's blood.
- In the laboratory, these T cells are genetically modified to express specific TCRs that can recognize cancer cells.
- The modified T cells are then expanded in the laboratory to create a large number of cells.
- These cells are then infused back into the patient where they can seek out and destroy cancer cells.
Related Terms
- Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cell Therapy (CAR-T): A similar type of therapy where T cells are modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) instead of a TCR.
- Cytotoxic T Cells: A type of T cell that kills cancer cells and cells that are infected with viruses.
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A type of drug that blocks certain proteins made by some types of immune system cells, such as T cells, and some cancer cells.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on T cell receptor T cell therapy
- Wikipedia's article - T cell receptor T cell therapy
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