Salivatory nuclei

Salivatory nuclei are a group of neurons located in the brainstem that are involved in the production of saliva. They are part of the autonomic nervous system, which controls involuntary bodily functions.

Anatomy

The salivatory nuclei are located in the lower part of the pons, a region of the brainstem. They consist of two main parts: the superior salivatory nucleus and the inferior salivatory nucleus.

The superior salivatory nucleus controls the secretion of saliva from the submandibular gland and the sublingual gland. It sends signals through the facial nerve (cranial nerve VII) to stimulate these glands.

The inferior salivatory nucleus controls the secretion of saliva from the parotid gland. It sends signals through the glossopharyngeal nerve (cranial nerve IX) to stimulate this gland.

Function

The main function of the salivatory nuclei is to control the production and secretion of saliva. Saliva is important for several reasons:

• It helps to moisten the mouth and throat, making it easier to swallow food.
• It contains enzymes that begin the process of digestion.
• It helps to clean the mouth and teeth, reducing the risk of tooth decay and gum disease.
• It helps to regulate the body's water balance.

The salivatory nuclei receive signals from other parts of the brain that indicate when saliva production should be increased or decreased. For example, the sight or smell of food can trigger an increase in saliva production.

Clinical significance

Damage to the salivatory nuclei can result in a condition known as xerostomia, or dry mouth. This can be caused by a variety of factors, including stroke, brain injury, and certain medications. Xerostomia can lead to difficulty swallowing, tooth decay, and other oral health problems.

See also

• Autonomic nervous system
• Brainstem
• Saliva
• Xerostomia

References

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