Substrate (biochemistry)

Substrate (biochemistry)

A substrate (pronounced: /ˈsʌbstreɪt/) in biochemistry is a molecule upon which an enzyme acts. Enzymes catalyze chemical reactions involving the substrate(s). In the case of a single substrate, the substrate binds with the enzyme active site, and an enzyme-substrate complex is formed. The substrate is transformed into one or more products, which are then released from the active site. The active site is now free to accept another substrate molecule. In the case of more than one substrate, these may bind in a particular order to the active site, before reacting together to produce products.

Etymology

The term "substrate" is derived from the Latin word "substratum" which means "something spread under". In biochemistry, it refers to a substance or layer that underlies something, or on which some process occurs.

Related Terms

• Enzyme kinetics
• Active site
• Catalysis
• Biochemical reaction
• Enzyme-substrate complex

See Also

• Enzyme
• Product (biochemistry)
• Reaction rate
• Michaelis–Menten kinetics

External links

• Medical encyclopedia article on Substrate (biochemistry)
• Wikipedia's article - Substrate (biochemistry)

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