Structural isomer
Structural Isomer
Structural isomer (/strʌkˈtʃʊrəl ˈaɪsəmər/), also known as a constitutional isomer, is a type of isomer where the atoms are arranged in a completely different order. This is in contrast to stereoisomers, where the atoms are in the same order but have a different spatial arrangement.
Etymology
The term "structural isomer" is derived from the Greek words "structure" (meaning arrangement) and "isomer" (meaning equal parts). This refers to the fact that structural isomers have the same number of each type of atom, but a different arrangement of those atoms.
Types of Structural Isomers
There are three main types of structural isomers:
- Chain Isomerism: This occurs when the carbon chain is rearranged to create a different structure. For example, pentane, isopentane, and neopentane are all chain isomers of each other.
- Functional Group Isomerism: This occurs when a molecule has the same molecular formula but different functional groups. For example, ethanol and dimethyl ether are functional group isomers.
- Position Isomerism: This occurs when the functional group in a molecule is in a different position. For example, propanol can exist as two different isomers depending on whether the -OH group is on the middle carbon or the end carbon.
Related Terms
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Structural isomer
- Wikipedia's article - Structural isomer
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