Strephosymbolia
Strephosymbolia
Strephosymbolia (pronunciation: streph·o·sym·bo·lia) is a term coined in the field of psychology to describe a specific type of dyslexia where individuals perceive letters and numbers as reversed or mirrored. The term originates from the Greek words 'strephos' meaning twisted and 'symbolon' meaning symbol.
Etymology
The term 'Strephosymbolia' was first used by Dr. Samuel Torrey Orton, an American neurologist and psychiatrist, in the early 20th century. It is derived from the Greek words 'strephos' (στρεφος) meaning 'twisted' or 'turned', and 'symbolon' (σύμβολον) meaning 'symbol'. Thus, 'Strephosymbolia' can be translated as 'twisted symbols', which accurately describes the condition where symbols (letters and numbers) are perceived as reversed or mirrored.
Symptoms
The primary symptom of Strephosymbolia is the reversal or mirroring of letters and numbers. This can manifest in various ways, such as:
- Reading and writing letters and numbers backwards
- Difficulty distinguishing between left and right
- Difficulty with spatial orientation
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of Strephosymbolia is typically made by a psychologist or neurologist through a series of tests designed to assess reading and writing skills, spatial orientation, and other cognitive abilities. These tests may include the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC), the Woodcock-Johnson Tests of Cognitive Abilities, and the Dyslexia Screening Test.
Treatment
Treatment for Strephosymbolia typically involves specialized educational therapy designed to help individuals learn to correctly perceive and interpret letters and numbers. This may include techniques such as multisensory learning, which involves using multiple senses (sight, hearing, touch) to learn and process information.
Related Terms
- Dyslexia: A general term for disorders that involve difficulty in learning to read or interpret words, letters, and other symbols.
- Dysgraphia: A deficiency in the ability to write, primarily in terms of handwriting, but also in terms of coherence.
- Dyscalculia: A specific learning disability that affects a person’s ability to understand numbers and learn math facts.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Strephosymbolia
- Wikipedia's article - Strephosymbolia
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