Speech-generating device

Speech-generating device

A speech-generating device (SGD), also known as a voice output communication aid, is a type of electronic augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) system used to supplement or replace speech for individuals with severe speech impairments. These devices are designed to assist individuals who have difficulty speaking due to conditions such as cerebral palsy, autism spectrum disorder, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), or other neurological disorders.

History

The development of speech-generating devices began in the mid-20th century with the advent of electronic communication aids. Early devices were often bulky and limited in functionality. Over time, advancements in technology have led to more portable and versatile devices, incorporating features such as touch screens, text-to-speech software, and customizable interfaces.

Types of Speech-generating Devices

Speech-generating devices can be categorized based on their input methods and output capabilities:

Text-based Devices

Text-based SGDs allow users to type messages using a keyboard or other input method. The device then converts the text into speech using text-to-speech technology. These devices are suitable for individuals who can read and write but have difficulty speaking.

Symbol-based Devices

Symbol-based SGDs use pictorial symbols or icons to represent words or phrases. Users select symbols to construct messages, which the device then vocalizes. This type of device is often used by individuals who have limited literacy skills.

Dedicated Devices

Dedicated SGDs are specifically designed for communication purposes and do not have other functions. They are often robust and tailored to meet the specific needs of the user.

Integrated Devices

Integrated SGDs are multifunctional devices, such as tablets or smartphones, that have been adapted with AAC software to function as communication aids. These devices offer flexibility and can be used for other applications beyond communication.

Features

Modern speech-generating devices offer a range of features to enhance communication:

• Voice Customization: Users can select from a variety of voices to personalize their communication.
• Language Options: Many devices support multiple languages, allowing users to communicate in their preferred language.
• Environmental Control: Some SGDs can be used to control other devices in the environment, such as lights or televisions, providing greater independence.
• Portability: Advances in technology have made SGDs more portable, allowing users to communicate on the go.

Challenges and Considerations

While SGDs provide significant benefits, there are challenges associated with their use:

• Cost: SGDs can be expensive, and access to funding or insurance coverage is often necessary.
• Training: Users and caregivers may require training to effectively use the device.
• Customization: Devices need to be customized to meet the individual needs of the user, which can be time-consuming.

Related pages

• Augmentative and alternative communication
• Assistive technology
• Communication disorder
• Text-to-speech