Schistosoma japonicum
Schistosoma japonicum
Schistosoma japonicum (pronunciation: /ʃɪˈstɒsəmə dʒæpɒnɪkəm/) is a species of trematodes, commonly known as blood flukes. They are parasitic flatworms responsible for a highly significant group of infections in humans that cause schistosomiasis.
Etymology
The name Schistosoma japonicum derives from the Greek words "schistos", meaning split, and "soma", meaning body. This is a reference to the split-like appearance of the male worm's body. "Japonicum" refers to its discovery in Japan.
Description
Schistosoma japonicum is one of the five main species of schistosomes that account for all human infections, the other four being Schistosoma haematobium, Schistosoma mansoni, Schistosoma intercalatum, and Schistosoma mekongi. Schistosoma japonicum is the most pathogenic to humans and has the widest host range.
Life Cycle
The life cycle of Schistosoma japonicum involves two hosts: a definitive host (humans and other mammals) where the parasite undergoes sexual reproduction, and an intermediate host (snails of the genus Oncomelania) where asexual reproduction occurs.
Symptoms and Treatment
Infection with Schistosoma japonicum can cause a range of symptoms, including hepatosplenomegaly, fibrosis of the liver, and portal hypertension. Treatment typically involves the use of praziquantel, an anthelmintic drug.
Epidemiology
Schistosoma japonicum is endemic in China, the Philippines, and parts of Indonesia. Control efforts, including snail control and mass drug administration, have significantly reduced the prevalence of this parasite in many areas.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Schistosoma japonicum
- Wikipedia's article - Schistosoma japonicum
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