Schistosoma haematobium
Schistosoma haematobium
Schistosoma haematobium (pronounced: shis-to-so-ma he-ma-to-bi-um) is a species of parasitic flatworms belonging to the genus Schistosoma. It is one of the major agents of schistosomiasis, a disease that affects millions of people worldwide, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa.
Etymology
The name Schistosoma haematobium is derived from the Greek words "schistos" meaning "split", and "soma" meaning "body", referring to the split-like appearance of the worm's body. The species name haematobium comes from the Greek words "haima" meaning "blood" and "bios" meaning "life", referring to the worm's habitat in the blood vessels.
Life Cycle
The life cycle of Schistosoma haematobium involves two hosts: a freshwater snail (the intermediate host) and a human (the definitive host). The adult worms live in the blood vessels of the human host, where they produce eggs that are excreted in the urine. If the urine comes into contact with freshwater, the eggs hatch into larvae that infect snails. Inside the snail, the larvae undergo several developmental stages before emerging as infective larvae that can penetrate the skin of a human host.
Disease
Infection with Schistosoma haematobium causes urinary schistosomiasis, a disease characterized by blood in the urine, pain during urination, and increased frequency of urination. Chronic infection can lead to bladder damage, kidney failure, and an increased risk of bladder cancer.
Treatment and Prevention
Treatment for Schistosoma haematobium infection involves the use of antiparasitic drugs, such as praziquantel. Prevention strategies include improved sanitation, provision of safe water supplies, and snail control.
Related Terms
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Schistosoma haematobium
- Wikipedia's article - Schistosoma haematobium
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