SARS-CoV-2 Lambda variant
Variant of SARS-CoV-2
The SARS-CoV-2 Lambda variant, also known as lineage C.37, is a variant of the virus SARS-CoV-2, which causes the disease COVID-19. This variant was first identified in Peru in August 2020 and has since spread to multiple countries. It is one of several variants of concern or interest that have emerged during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Genomic Characteristics
The Lambda variant is characterized by several mutations in the spike protein of the virus, which may affect its transmissibility and immune escape potential. Key mutations include L452Q and F490S, which are located in the receptor-binding domain of the spike protein. These mutations are thought to enhance the virus's ability to bind to the ACE2 receptor on human cells, potentially increasing its infectivity.
Epidemiology
The Lambda variant was first detected in Peru and quickly became the dominant strain in the country. It has also been reported in other South American countries, including Chile, Argentina, and Ecuador. The variant has been classified as a "variant of interest" by the World Health Organization due to its rapid spread and potential impact on public health.
Impact on Public Health
The Lambda variant's mutations may confer some degree of resistance to neutralizing antibodies generated by previous infection or vaccination. However, studies are ongoing to determine the exact impact of these mutations on vaccine efficacy. Public health authorities continue to monitor the spread of the Lambda variant and its effects on the course of the pandemic.
Prevention and Control
Efforts to control the spread of the Lambda variant include continued vaccination campaigns, genomic surveillance, and public health measures such as mask-wearing and social distancing. Vaccines currently in use have shown effectiveness against severe disease and hospitalization caused by various SARS-CoV-2 variants, including Lambda.
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