Rima glottidis

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Rima glottidis is the anatomical term for the opening between the vocal folds (true vocal cords) and the arytenoid cartilages in the larynx. It plays a crucial role in the production of sound, as well as in breathing and protecting the airway during swallowing.

Anatomy

The rima glottidis is located within the larynx, which is part of the respiratory system. It is bordered by the vocal folds on either side and the arytenoid cartilages posteriorly. The shape and size of the rima glottidis can change due to the movement of the vocal folds and arytenoid cartilages, which is controlled by various intrinsic muscles of the larynx.

Function

The primary functions of the rima glottidis include:

• **Phonation**: During speech, the vocal folds come together and vibrate as air passes through the rima glottidis, producing sound.
• **Breathing**: The rima glottidis widens during inhalation to allow air to pass into the trachea and lungs.
• **Protection**: During swallowing, the rima glottidis closes to prevent food and liquids from entering the trachea and lungs.

Muscles Involved

Several intrinsic muscles of the larynx are involved in controlling the rima glottidis:

• Lateral cricoarytenoid muscle: Adducts the vocal folds, closing the rima glottidis.
• Posterior cricoarytenoid muscle: Abducts the vocal folds, opening the rima glottidis.
• Transverse arytenoid muscle: Adducts the arytenoid cartilages, closing the rima glottidis.
• Oblique arytenoid muscle: Assists in adducting the arytenoid cartilages.

Clinical Significance

The rima glottidis is significant in various medical conditions and procedures:

• **Laryngitis**: Inflammation of the vocal folds can affect the size and function of the rima glottidis, leading to hoarseness or loss of voice.
• **Intubation**: During medical procedures, a tube may be inserted through the rima glottidis to maintain an open airway.
• **Vocal cord paralysis**: Damage to the nerves controlling the vocal folds can result in an inability to open or close the rima glottidis properly.

See Also

• Larynx
• Vocal folds
• Arytenoid cartilages
• Phonation
• Respiratory system

References

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