Retrognathism
Retrognathism (pronounced: reh-troh-NAY-thizm) is a condition characterized by a jaw that is set further back than the upper jaw, resulting in an abnormal bite alignment.
Etymology
The term "Retrognathism" is derived from the Latin word "retro" meaning "backward" and the Greek word "gnathos" meaning "jaw".
Definition
Retrognathism is a type of malocclusion where the lower jaw is set further back than the upper jaw, causing the chin to recede or appear pushed back. This condition can affect both the aesthetics of the face and the functionality of the jaw.
Symptoms
Symptoms of retrognathism can include difficulty chewing or swallowing, speech problems, and breathing issues. It can also lead to TMJ disorders, sleep apnea, and other health problems.
Causes
Retrognathism can be caused by a variety of factors, including genetic predisposition, certain medical conditions, or injury to the jaw. It can also be a result of abnormal growth during childhood.
Treatment
Treatment for retrognathism often involves orthodontic intervention, such as braces or other dental appliances, to help align the jaw. In severe cases, orthognathic surgery may be recommended to reposition the jaw.
Related Terms
- Prognathism: The opposite of retrognathism, where the lower jaw protrudes further forward than the upper jaw.
- Orthognathic surgery: A type of surgery used to correct conditions of the jaw and face related to structure, growth, sleep apnea, TMJ disorders, malocclusion problems owing to skeletal disharmonies, or other orthodontic problems that cannot be easily treated with braces.
- Malocclusion: A misalignment or incorrect relation between the teeth of the two dental arches when they approach each other as the jaws close.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Retrognathism
- Wikipedia's article - Retrognathism
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