Reservoir

Reservoir is a storage space for fluids. These fluids may be water, hydrocarbons or gas. A reservoir usually means an enlarged natural or artificial lake, storage pond or impoundment created using a dam or lock to store water. Reservoirs can be created by controlling a stream that drains an existing body of water. They can also be constructed in river valleys using a dam. Alternately, a reservoir can be built by excavating flat ground or by constructing retaining walls and levees.

Types of Reservoirs

Reservoirs can be classified into different types based on their purpose and how they are constructed. The different types of reservoirs include:

• Surface Reservoirs: These are the most common type of reservoirs. They are usually constructed by damming a river, allowing the water to flow into a valley.

• Underground Reservoirs: These reservoirs are used to store water, oil, or gas underground. They are often used in areas where surface storage is not feasible.

• Elevated Reservoirs: These are often used in urban areas to store water for drinking and other uses. They are usually constructed on high ground or on top of buildings.

• Natural Reservoirs: These are naturally occurring reservoirs such as lakes and ponds. They are often used for recreational purposes, as well as for water storage.

Uses of Reservoirs

Reservoirs have many uses, including:

• Irrigation: Reservoirs are often used to store water for irrigation purposes. This is especially important in arid regions where rainfall is not sufficient to support agriculture.

• Water Supply: Many cities and towns rely on reservoirs for their water supply. The water is treated and then distributed to homes and businesses.

• Hydroelectric Power: Some reservoirs are used to generate hydroelectric power. The water is released from the reservoir and flows through turbines, generating electricity.

• Recreation: Many reservoirs are used for recreational purposes, such as boating, fishing, and swimming.

Environmental Impact

While reservoirs can provide many benefits, they can also have negative impacts on the environment. These include:

• Habitat Destruction: The construction of a reservoir can lead to the destruction of habitats for plants and animals.

• Water Quality: The water in a reservoir can become contaminated with pollutants, affecting the quality of the water.

• Greenhouse Gas Emissions: Reservoirs can contribute to greenhouse gas emissions, as organic matter in the reservoir decomposes and releases methane.

See Also

• Dam
• Lake
• Pond
• Water Storage
• Hydroelectric Power

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