Methodology

Methodology is the systematic, theoretical analysis of the methods applied to a field of study. It comprises the theoretical analysis of the body of methods and principles associated with a branch of knowledge such as social sciences, natural sciences, or others. Methodology can encompass concepts such as paradigm, theoretical model, phases and quantitative or qualitative techniques.

A methodology does not set out to provide solutions but offers the theoretical underpinning for understanding which method, set of methods, or best practices can be applied to a specific case, for example, to calculate a specific result.

Definition and Concept

The term "methodology" may be defined in at least three ways:

1. A system of methods used in a particular area of study or activity.
2. A set of methods, procedures, and postulates employed by a discipline.
3. A study or theoretical analysis of such methods and principles.

The concept of methodology is very much linked to the concepts of epistemology (the study of knowledge, its nature and verifiability), ontology (the study of the nature of being, becoming, existence, or reality), and philosophy of science.

Types of Methodology

Methodology can be classified into several types, depending on the field of study:

1. Quantitative Methodology: This involves the collection and conversion of data into numerical form so that statistical calculations can be made and conclusions drawn.
2. Qualitative Methodology: This involves a more subjective approach, using methods such as interviews, focus groups, and observations to gather comprehensive, detailed data.
3. Mixed Methodology: This approach uses a combination of both quantitative and qualitative methods.

See Also

• Research design
• Scientific method
• Software development methodology
• Sociological methodology

References

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