Radial artery puncture

Radial Artery Puncture is a medical procedure that involves puncturing the radial artery to obtain an arterial blood sample for blood gas analysis. This procedure is commonly performed in emergency departments and intensive care units to assess a patient's respiratory status and acid-base balance.

Procedure

The radial artery puncture is usually performed on the wrist where the radial artery is easily accessible. The patient's wrist is extended and the artery is located by palpation. A needle is then inserted into the artery and blood is drawn into a heparinized syringe. The needle is then removed and pressure is applied to the puncture site to prevent hematoma formation and bleeding.

Indications

Radial artery puncture is indicated for arterial blood gas analysis in patients with respiratory distress, unexplained metabolic acidosis, and to monitor the effectiveness of oxygen therapy. It is also used to assess the acid-base status in critically ill patients.

Risks and Complications

Potential complications of radial artery puncture include hematoma, bleeding, infection, and arterial spasm. Rarely, ischemia and necrosis may occur if the radial artery is the sole source of blood supply to the hand.

Alternatives

Alternatives to radial artery puncture include the brachial artery and femoral artery puncture. However, these sites are less commonly used due to higher risk of complications.

See Also

• Arterial blood gas analysis
• Respiratory distress
• Metabolic acidosis
• Oxygen therapy

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