Puff adder

Puff Adder is a common name for the venomous snake species Bitis arietans, which is found in the savannah and grasslands of sub-Saharan Africa and parts of the Arabian Peninsula. The Puff Adder is one of the most widespread and commonly encountered snake species in its range. It is a member of the Viperidae family, which is known for its venomous bite.

Description

The Puff Adder is a large, heavy-bodied snake, with adults typically reaching lengths of 1 to 1.5 meters. It has a broad, triangular head and a thick body with a pattern of chevron-shaped markings. The coloration varies, but it is typically a combination of yellow, brown, and black. The Puff Adder is named for its defensive behavior of inflating its body and hissing loudly when threatened.

Behavior and Ecology

Puff Adders are solitary animals, and are primarily nocturnal, although they may bask in the sun during cooler weather. They are ambush predators, lying in wait for prey to come within striking distance. Their diet consists mainly of small mammals, birds, and amphibians.

Puff Adders have a slow, sluggish movement, but can strike with lightning speed when threatened or hunting. They are known for their potent venom, which can cause severe tissue damage and can be fatal to humans if not treated promptly.

Reproduction

Puff Adders are ovoviviparous, meaning they give birth to live young. Females can produce large litters of up to 80 offspring. The young are independent from birth and receive no parental care.

Human Interaction

Due to their wide distribution and potent venom, Puff Adders are responsible for causing the most snakebite fatalities in Africa. Antivenom is available and effective if administered promptly.

Conservation Status

The Puff Adder is listed as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List due to its wide distribution and large population. However, like all wildlife, it is threatened by habitat loss and human persecution.

See Also

• Viperidae
• Venomous snake
• Bitis arietans

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  Puff adder in natural habitat
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  Close-up of a puff adder's head
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  Squirrel following a puff adder
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  Puff adder puffing
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  Puff adder anatomy