Pudendal plexus

The pudendal plexus (Latin: plexus pudendus ) is a network of nerves located in the pelvic region. It is primarily responsible for the innervation of the perineum, external genitalia, and surrounding areas. The pudendal plexus is a part of the larger sacral plexus.

Anatomy

The pudendal plexus is formed by the anterior rami of the second, third, and fourth sacral nerves (S2, S3, and S4). These nerves converge to form the plexus, which then gives rise to several important branches.

Branches

The main branches of the pudendal plexus include:

• Pudendal nerve: This is the primary nerve of the perineum and external genitalia. It further divides into the inferior rectal nerve, perineal nerve, and the dorsal nerve of the penis or dorsal nerve of the clitoris.
• Inferior rectal nerve: Innervates the external anal sphincter and the skin around the anus.
• Perineal nerve: Supplies the muscles and skin of the perineum.
• Dorsal nerve of the penis/Dorsal nerve of the clitoris: Provides sensory innervation to the penis or clitoris.

Function

The pudendal plexus plays a crucial role in the sensory and motor innervation of the pelvic region. It is involved in:

• Sensation of the external genitalia
• Control of the external anal sphincter
• Control of the muscles of the perineum

Clinical Significance

Damage or compression of the pudendal plexus or its branches can lead to various medical conditions, such as:

• Pudendal neuralgia: A chronic pain condition affecting the distribution of the pudendal nerve.
• Fecal incontinence: Due to loss of control over the external anal sphincter.
• Sexual dysfunction: Resulting from impaired sensory or motor function of the genitalia.

Related Pages

• Sacral plexus
• Pudendal nerve
• Inferior rectal nerve
• Perineal nerve
• Dorsal nerve of the penis
• Dorsal nerve of the clitoris
• Pudendal neuralgia

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