Prime editing
Prime Editing
Prime editing (pronounced: /praɪm ˈɛdɪtɪŋ/) is a genetic engineering technique that allows for precise editing of DNA sequences within a genome. The term is derived from the Latin primus, meaning "first", and the English editing, referring to the process of modifying text or data.
Overview
Prime editing is a versatile and precise method of gene editing that was developed by researchers at the Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard. Unlike other gene editing techniques such as CRISPR-Cas9, prime editing does not require double-strand breaks in the DNA, reducing the risk of unwanted genetic changes.
Mechanism
The prime editing system consists of a Cas9 nickase fused to an engineered reverse transcriptase and a prime editing guide RNA (pegRNA). The pegRNA contains the desired edit and directs the Cas9 nickase to the target site. The reverse transcriptase then synthesizes the new DNA strand from the pegRNA template.
Applications
Prime editing has the potential to correct up to 89% of known genetic variants associated with human diseases. It can be used to insert, delete, and replace DNA sequences in the genome, making it a powerful tool for genetic research and gene therapy.
Limitations
While prime editing offers many advantages over other gene editing techniques, it also has some limitations. These include the size of the edits it can make, the efficiency of editing, and the potential for off-target effects.
See Also
References
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Prime editing
- Wikipedia's article - Prime editing
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