Posterior pole

Posterior Pole

The Posterior Pole is a term used in ophthalmology to describe the back part of the eye, which includes the macula, optic disc, and surrounding area. It is the area where light that enters the eye is focused.

Etymology

The term "posterior" comes from the Latin word "posterior" which means "behind, after, later, last". "Pole" comes from the Old French "pol", which means "axis of a sphere".

Anatomy

The posterior pole is located at the back of the eye. It is approximately 5.5mm in diameter and includes the macula, the optic disc, and the surrounding retina. The macula is the part of the retina that is responsible for sharp, central vision. The optic disc, also known as the optic nerve head, is the point of exit for ganglion cell axons leaving the eye.

Clinical significance

The posterior pole is the area most commonly affected by diseases such as age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, and glaucoma. These conditions can lead to vision loss if not properly managed.

Related terms

• Macula: The area of the retina responsible for sharp, central vision.
• Optic disc: The point of exit for ganglion cell axons leaving the eye.
• Retina: The light-sensitive layer of tissue at the back of the inner eye.

See also

• Ophthalmology
• Age-related macular degeneration
• Diabetic retinopathy
• Glaucoma