Port

Port (medical)

A port is a small medical appliance that is installed beneath the skin. A catheter connects the port to a vein. Under the skin, the port has a septum through which drugs can be injected and blood samples can be drawn many times, usually with less discomfort for the patient than a more typical "needle stick".

Ports are used mostly to treat hematology and oncology patients.

Types of Ports

The port is usually inserted in the upper chest (known as a chest port), just below the collar bone, leaving the patient's hands free.

Implantable Ports

Implantable ports are made of a metal body with a dense silicone rubber top. The port is inserted under the skin in the upper chest or in the arm and appears as a bump under the skin. It requires no special maintenance and is completely internal so swimming and bathing are not a problem. The patient can also travel while the port is in place.

Tunneled Ports

Tunneled ports are similar to implantable ports but have a tube exiting the body. This type of port requires some maintenance, but it can be done at home. These ports can be used for patients who need long-term therapy.

Procedure

The procedure to insert a port is done under local or general anesthesia. The port is inserted into a vein in the chest or neck. The catheter is then threaded into this vein and out through a small incision in the skin where it is attached to the port.

Risks and Complications

As with any procedure, there are risks and potential complications. These may include infection, bleeding, and blockage of the blood vessel. There is also a risk of the catheter breaking or the port becoming dislodged.

See Also

• Central venous catheter
• PICC line
• Subcutaneous port

References

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